GIS for effective waste management in city of Varanasi | Esri India


Waste Management in Urban Settings: A Historical Challenge

Disposing of waste in urban settings has been a significant challenge since the earliest urbanization. This issue persisted through the Harappan civilization, the Roman period, the industrial age, and continues in the 21st century. Each era developed its own solutions, such as the Harappans' underground drainage system and the Romans' wagon-based waste collection system.

Waste Management in 21st Century Indian Cities

Indian cities are urbanizing rapidly, presenting substantial challenges for waste management. Varanasi, one of the oldest living cities in the world, faces particular issues due to high urban density and congestion, which hinder the efficiency of solid waste collection.

Varanasi Smart City Initiative

Under the Smart City Mission, a flagship program of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), solid waste management was identified as a major issue for Varanasi. The mission divided the problem into administrative and user levels and adopted Esri Technology to address it.

Objectives of GIS Integration

The primary objective of enabling GIS was to achieve real-time integration of IoT (status of filled waste bins) and maps, monitored both at the bin and ward levels. This integration aimed to:

  • Enhance administration in planning
  • Optimize route planning for waste bin collection
  • Establish waste processing units based on the type of waste







ArcGIS Implementation

The ArcGIS server is a crucial component of the current deployment in the Integrated Command and Control Centre (ICCC) of Varanasi Smart City. An ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) process was designed to ingest REST APIs from sensors and create map services. These services support applications functioning as decision support systems for city administration.

Key Features of the Application

  1. Real-Time Bin Fill Status Visualization: An application (Figure 2) provides real-time updates on the fill status of smart bins. Bin statuses are marked by three colors: red for bins reaching 80% capacity, yellow for bins below 80%, and green for unfilled bins. This real-time update enables resource optimization in waste collection and disposal. Interactive filters allow users to explore data by zone and ward.

  2. Administrator Console: Administrators can view the aggregate waste generated in each ward and the routes taken by waste collection vehicles. A chart widget helps observe patterns and trends in the data.

  3. Route Finding for Nearby Bins: The application can find nearby bins and routes using the ArcGIS Network Analyst extension.

  4. Citizen Engagement: The Kashi GeoHub, configured using ArcGIS Hub, provides a form-centric data gathering solution (Figure 5) via ArcGIS Survey123 to collect information about solid waste problems. A dashboard monitors these submissions using ArcGIS Dashboards.




















































Conclusion

The ArcGIS Platform supports sustainable waste management in cities by layering information such as street maps, buildings, and existing bins. It defines zones for waste management and uses GIS data to map door-to-door waste collection strategies. 

To Know More Visit : Esri India 

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